Motor and transmission therefor



Ot 22, 1940- s. B. GAI-IM 2,218,573

MOTOR AND TRANSMISSION THBREFOR Filed June 14, 1958 l2 Sheets-Sheet l Syvum/vbo@ L rl Oct. 22, 1940. s. B, GAHM MoToR AND TRANSMISSION THEREFQR 12 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 14, 1938 Cet. 22, 1.940. s B, GAHM 2,218,573

MOTOR AND TRANSMISSION THNREFOR Filed June 14, 1958 12 Sheets-Sheet 3 oct. 22, 1940. s, B. @AHM 2,218,573

MOTOR AND TRANSMISSION THEREFOR Filed June 14, 1938 12 Sheets-Sheet 4 061:. 22, 1940. s B GAHM 2,218,573

' MOTOR AND TRANSMISSION THEREFOR Filed June 14, 1938 12 sheets-sheet 5 IIl HH! IIIIIII l Il! Oct. 22, 1940. s- B GAHM 2,218,573

MOTOR AND TRANSMISSION THEREFOR Filed June 14, 1958 12 Sheets-Sheet 6 Oct. 22, 1940. s. B. GAHM 2,218,573

i 'MOTOR AND TRANSMISSION THEREFOR l Filed June 14, 193s 12 sheets-sheet 7 Oct. 22,. 1940. s, B, GAHM Mou-on AND TRANSMISSION THsREFoR Filed June 14, 1958 12 Sheets-Sheet 8 ze iierf@ 'HIV OCIZ. 22, 1940. s B. @AHM I 2,218,573

MOTOR AND TRANSMISSION THBREFOR Filed June 14, 1958 l2 Shee1'.S-Shee'l:v 9

33 ze 32C 30e e 452 45e" A51@ 5 MMM Oct. 22, 1940. s B, GAH'M MOTOR AND TRANSMISSION THEREFOR Filed June 14; 1938 12 Sheets-Sheet 10 oct. 22, 1940. s. B. GAHM 2,218,573

MOTOR AND TRANSMISSION THEREFOR Filed Jun 14, 1938 12 sheets-sheet 11 MMM Oct. 22, 1940. s, B GAHM NoToN AND TRANSMISSION THENEFOR Filed June 14, 1938 l2 Shoets-Sheet l2 @www .xml

Patented Oct.i1.)4() i K I; .i y i y l UNITED STATES intimal-ltrA oFFIcEe .e gf 2.218,573 Moron AND TRANSMISSION THEREFOR Samuel Bernard Gahm, QueensVilla-ge', N. Y. Appnmion .rune 14, 193s, serial No. 213,677.

- 17 claims. (o1. 121-67) r This invention relates broadly to the combinationA of the various structures of my invention tion of an engine and transmission mechanism proceeds.

for converting rotary motion of the engine into Figure 1 shows a sectional'view taken through reciprocating or oscillating motion of the power line l-l of Figure 2 of the rst modification. output shaft. It is for use in driving any device Figure 2 shows a sectional view taken through 5 that requires a reciprocating or oscillating mo-A line 2-2 of Figurel.4 f

tion. Some applications for such a motion are Figure is a sectional view similar to Figure 2 in driving windshield wipers, grass shears, hair or but showing a modified drive for the output wool clippers, signalling means on vehicles, etc. power takeoff shaft.

l These uses are merely examples and are not l Figure4 shows aside elevation of the modifica- 'l0 meant to exhaust the many uses to which this tion shown by Figur-e 3'. t 7 invention may be put. Figures 5 and 6 show vertical andhorizontal This invention relates morespecically to varcentral sectional views of a modification lof rthe ious types of rotary expansible chamber fluid motor anddrive of that shown by Figuresl toy 4.

or oscillated by the rotors as they rotate and tion. 1 A from which abutmentsljoutput power is taken off Figure Sis a sectional viewthroughf line 8,-8 either directly or is multiplied, depending'on the of Figure 9.v

device to be driven. Figure 9 is a sectional View through line 9-9 2b An object of the invention is vto provide a re- I of Figure 8.

ciprocating or` oscillating drive from a motor Figures 10and -11 are two modifications of Voutwhich does away with the necessity of valvesI as put power take off means of the motor shown distinct elements and therefore eliminates the by Figures '7 to 9. I

often complicated mechanisms for reversing the Figure A12 shows a yside elevation of another '25 valves to cause reversalof the motor. vSnap acmodification. i l A y 25 tions and the many parts 'thereforto causevalve Figure 13 is a sectional view on line Iii-43` of reversals are eliminated and with that is elimi- Figure 14. Y i f j nated the annoying click caused by the snap ac- Figure 14 is a sectional view on line lll- I4 of l tion upon each reversal of the valve. l f Figure 13. Y l

Si) Another object is to provide simple and posi'- Figures 15 and 16 are Ysectional views on line 30 tive parking means for the oscillatingv shaft on l5|5 and IG-jfl, respectively, of Figure 14. either limit of its rnotion` on some of the mechaf Figure 171s a side elevation view of anothernisms disclosed below when they arev employed modication. v r .Y to drive windshield wipers or signal devices. Figure 18 is a sectional view on line 18A-i8 of to be construed as `limitations but only as eX- elevation.-

amples `of how my invention may be carried out. `Figure 19 is avsectional` view on line l-9 l-9 of Most of the examples to which'the invention is Figure 18. Y f applied are shown as windshield wiper blade arms Figure 20 is a modication ofthe output power but these are not meant tobe limitations of use. take ofi drive shown in Figurevll. g 40' The description will disclose how otherV devices l. Figure 21 is a diagrammatic showing'ofavalve may be driven and what alterations, if any, arevdesign andv pipe connections therefor fonpronecessary for driving such devices. ducing parking of the wiper blade on either'side' n It is to be noted that any differential pressure or for continuous operation thereof.

maybe used as the driving medium for the dis- Figure 22 is a sectionalY ew of another modi- .4.5 closed structures withoutv any change whatever cationon line 22-22jof Figure 23. A f inthe structures. If suction is used then'` the Figure 23 is a'sectional view on line 23-23 of rotor will rotate in one` direction and if pressure "Figure22, y l isapplied to the same port, the rotor will rotate Figures24 and 25 are modified forms .of output 5o inthe opposite direction.. Although most of the power-.take off drive disclosed structures are described as operating on Figure 22. i l suction it is to be'understood that positive pres- Figure 26 is a diagrammatic showing like Figsure may be employed'without any changes. `ure 2l of avalvev and pipingfor producing park- Other obvious and inherent advantages of myying on either side or for continuous operation 'of "55 inventionv will lbecome apparent as the descripvthe wiper blade of this modification,

s for the motor shown by i en' "5 motors having abutments which are reciprocated Figure 7 is a side elevation of another modica- 15 '35 The various structures described below are not Figure 19 withtherotors and" abutment shown in 35,v

- Figure 32 of a modification of the motor shown ing on either side or for continuous by Figure 27.

Figure 32 is a sectional view on line 32-32 of Figure 31.

Figure 83 is a sectional View of another modification taken on line 33-33 of Figure 34.

Figure 34 is a sectional View of this modication taken on line 3ft-34 of Figure 33.

Figure 35 is a diagrammatic showing of 'a valve and piping like Figure 21 for producing parking on either side or for continuous operation of the wiper blade of this modication.

Figure 36 is a side elevation of another modification.'

Figure 37 is a sectional view on line 3'I -31 of Figure 38 of this modification.

Figure 38 is a sectional View on line 38-38 of Figure 37.

Figure 39 is a sectional view on line 39-39 of Figure 38. l

Figure 40 is a perspective View of the operating iuid supply and exhaust grooves shown on Figure 39.

Figure 41 is a side elevation of another cation.

Figure 42 is a sectional View on line i2-42 of Figure 43v ofi this modification.

Figure 43 is a sectional View on line 43-43 of Figurev 42. Y v i Figure 44 is a side elevation of still another modification. l

` Figure 45 is alsectional view similar to Figure 42 of the modication shown by Figure 44.

Figure 46 is a sectional view of another modication taken on line i6-45 of Figure, 47.

l Figure 47 is a sectional view on line 41-41 of Figure 46.

modij. Figure 48- is a diagrammatic showing like Figure 21 of a valve and piping for producing park- 4 operation of this modication.

In the modification shown by Figures 1 to 6 the oscillation of the wiper is produced by the reciprocation of the abutments of a sliding abutment type rotary engine.

The casing I contains an eccentrically mounted rotor 2 on a shaft 3. The abutments 4 are slidable in abutment housings 5 and are joined to- .gether bythe rack bar 6 to keep them always in contact with the rotor. The abutment housings have narrow slots 5' to provide freedom of movement of the interconnecting rack bar 6 rbetween the abutments.

, The rotor is eccentrically mountecljto rotate with shaft 3. It is constructed as shown on Figure 1, hollow with a partition 8 to separate the vsuction source II (upper chamber) and atmospheric source 9 (lower chamber). Air is sup- -jplied through ports in the side plates of cylinder I and is delivered-into the cylinder chamber through a series of ports Iii which extend .for a distance of about one third of the periphery .of the rotor.

Since the distance between the abutments is always constantl because ofthe interconnecting 4from the rack bar 6, the rotor 2 must be so designed that it is always contacted by the abutments as it rotates. A true circular rotor will not do this. An acceptable design for the rotor is shown in the patent to J. M. Hand #2,015,307 dated Sept. 24, 1935 on Figure l. This shape is known as a limacon curve. I't is to be understood that any other design for the rotor may he used which will keep the abutments always in contact with it. For example, any given curvature may be applied to one half of the rotor circumference and the other half .will then be designed accordingly to give such curvature per degree of rotation as will give a constant distance across the rotor through the center of shaft 3.

bar 6 be broken and joined together by a tension spring to keep the abutments in contact with the rotor and yet allow some extensibility, then the rotor may be a true circular eccentric and need not be a .limacon. This makes for simplicity of manufacture. Such construction will also adjust for wear of the rotor and packings. This structure need not be illustrated as it is obvious how it may be done.

The rotor has a thickened portion I2 in chamber II of suiiicient thickness so that ports 9 are always covered by it and thus prevent communication of air to chamber I. A port I3 in raised portion I2 connects chamber II with suction pipe i4 by way of a groove I5 in the side plate of the casing I. A series of ports I5 in the rotor, also extending around approximately one third oi the rotor periphery, connect suction to the work chamber. The ports IIl and I6 may extend an equal distance in each direction from the point where the rotor contacts the casing to the point where a line drawn perpendicular to partition 8 through center of shaft 3 crosses the periphery of the rotor.

Suitable packings l1 and I8 may be provided for the rotor and abutments respectively. rThe reciprocating motion of the abutments is transmitted by way of teeth I9 on rack bar 6 to a gear 2o on shaft'ZI which is suitably mounted` on any stationary part or on a suitable extension casing I, to drive the wiper blade arm 22.

In operation, suction is continuously supplied through ports I6 from I4 by way of I5, i3 and II to rotate the rotor in a counterclockwise direction which causes reciprocation of abutment-s 4 to reciprocate rack bar 6 to drive wiper arm 22 ,through rack I 9 and gear 2&3.

The modification shown by Figures 3 and 4 merely illustrates a diiT-erent point of connection for the rack bar t to the abutments. Rack bar 6 is here connected to the narrow edge of the abutments instead of the wide side as shown on Figures 1 and 2. The shaft 2i may then be sirnp-ly mounted in a suitable bearing in the side plate of casing I.

The modication shown by Figures 5 and 6 is of a simpler rotor construction and the abut- `rotor which extends the same distance as the ports I6. Bore 26 communicates with a groove 28 which extends-aroundthe periphery of the rotor thesamedistance as ports I 0. Suction ylo and. atmosphere are connected by way of ports.

29 and 38 respectively in the shaft. A

Racks 3l and 32 are connected to the abutments to drive pinions 20 and 20 respectively, for oscillating wiper blades 22 and 22', respectively The abutments are interconnected by a` bar 6 to keep them always in contact with the rotor.

It is obvious that a signal arm or any other device may replace the windshield wiper arm shown-by Figures 1 to 6.

In the modification shown by Figures 7 to 1l, the casing 5l with side plate 52 forms a cylindrical rotor chamber '53 and two swinging abutment receiving chambers'fll and 55. The rotor 56 is mounted eccentrically and rigidly to shaft 51 to rotate therewith. The rotor is designed to give a simple harmonic motion to the abutments 58 and 59 that continuously follow it.

Also, it is so designed that the increment of' 'rise of one abutment per degree of rotor rotation is exactly equal to the increment of drop of the other abutment. Thus if both abutments are tied together by an outside linkage like that shown in Figures 7 or 10, the necessity of springs. cams vor any other means for keeping the abutments in contact with the rotor is avoided.

The abutments are mounted rigid or integral with shafts t6 and 6l to oscillate them as the rotor rotates.

. -Each abutment is made up of two arms 58a, 58h and 59a, 59h. The outer arms 58h, 59h are arcuate, taken about shafts 60 and 6I as centers. Arms 58a, 59a may be any suitable shape. Arms 58h, 5919 slide through slots 62 and 63 with which they make a fluid tight lit. Arms 58a, 59a t tightly axially in chambers 54 and 55 so that they separate these chambers into two parts 5ta, 54h and 55a, 55h, the purpose of which will be later explained.

Because of the arcuate shape of arms 58h, 59h, the rotor cannot take a symmetrical form in its design like that shown by Figures 1V to 6. This v is because the points of contact between the abutments and rotor are not in a straight line as the rotor rotates but follow the arc of the abut'- ments. The rotor design illustrated in Figures 1 to 6 must be altered to allow for the swing of the abutments.

The rotor has two radial ports 64 and 65 for suction land atmosphere respectively. rIhese lead to ports 66 and 61 in the shaft 51. Radial ports 64 and 65 connect to circumferential grooves 69 and 10 in the rotor which extend symmetrically and for equal distances in opposite directions from their radial ports to a point where a line connecting them will pass through the center of shaft 51. It will be` noted that the length of each groove 69 and 10 is considerably more than one quarter of the peripheral extent of the rotor. It is to be noted that the rotor and its circumferential grooves thereon shown by Figures 5 and 6 is similarly designed as described just above.

Apacking and wear strip 1I is provided in the Y rotor at the point of its Contact with the cylinder.

Arms 1 2, 13 rigid with shaftsk6ll, 6| and cross link 14 provided with pin 15 providek a drive for the wiper blade 16 by way of slotted arm l11 fixed on wiper shaft 18.

If link 14 be broken and then connectedgt getherA by a tension spring in a similar manner as described for Figure 1, then the rotor may be a true circular eccentric. The interconnecting spring will be strong enough4 to allow a driving motion to be transmitted to arm 16. t is not believed necessary to show this since it appears obvious how such a structure maybe made.

Chambers 54a; and 55h are always connected .to atmosphere through ports 19 and 80. Chambers 54h and 55a are connected together by pipes 8| and 82 at pipe joint 83 which leads to valve chamber 84. Suction port 64 is connected by a Apipe to the valve chamber at 86. A valve 81 having two pistons 88, 89 interconnected together is manually operable to either connect suction pipe to the port 64 in the rotor or,A as' shown in the dotted position, to connect suction to the abutment chambers 54h and 55a through pipes 8| and 82. In the first of these two stated valve positions, the rotor will rotate` to operate the windshield wiper. At that time atmosphere is connected to chambers 54h and 55a. In the second position suction is connected to chambers 54h and 55a thus forcing the abutments to an extreme positionopposite to that shown on Figure 8 and thereby causing parking of the wiper arm to one side of the windshield. By connecting pipes 8| yand. 82to chambers 54a and 55h and venting 54h and 55a to air, the wiper will be caused to park in'its opposite extremity.

Figure lO-shows another type of linkage with a vertical cross link 92 connecting arms 93 and 94 to drive shaft 18 through pin 95 and slotted arm 96.

Figure 1l shows a gear sector 91 connected to drive a pinion 98 fixed to drive shaft 18. This is another alternative drive. In this modification cross links would still be necessary between the abutments to keep them in contact with the rotor.

The motor in the modification shown by Figures 12 to 16 comprises a main casing Ib in which is centrally mounted a tri-lobed rotor 2b of symmetrical design. The rotor has stub shafts which have bearings in the side walls 3b and 4b of the motor casing. The casing has upper and lower cylindrical extensions 5b and 6b into which abutments 1b and 8b closely t. .These abutments are crescent shaped and are designed to Contact the rotor at all times in its rotation at, at least two points.` that the abutments will always follow the roto-r without necessitating any additional means for f 'keeping them against the roto-r. One of the abutments 1b has a shaft 9br connected to it at its center of rotation to move with it and thereby receive an oscillating motion imparted .to the abutment. Connected rigidly to shaft 9b is gear i sector Ib which mesheswith a pinion l Ib mounted on stub shaft 12b upon which is mounted the arm of the Wiper blade. Stub shaft 12b is mounted in a bearing in the side plate 3b.

The suction to operate the motor is connected by pipe 13b to grooves Mb provided inthe side With such design it will be noted plate 4b with which the slots 5b in the rotor is expanding. and application ofssuction at those timestwouldb'e adrag onf-theirotor.

In operation, suction iscontinuously connected at |3b to grooves Mb whichdraws air from the chambers formed betweenthe'rotor 2b and casing lb throughslots |55 to contract these chambers and cause rotation of the rotor infa clockwise direction; On the other side of each lobe an expanding chamber receives air from the atmosphere through |512, Hb and |811. Because of the three lobes and two abutments there is no dead center position. At all times at least one or more of the chambers is being evacuated.l It is to be noted that the expanding and contracting space, marked y on Figure2, betweeneach abutment and the rotor also provides a Work chamber which aids in the operation of the motor. The oscillation of the` abutment This multiplied and transmitted to the wiper shaft |2b by way of parts 9b, 10b and Hb.

Abutment 8b may also be provided with a power 'take-off shaft similar to 9b,V although this is not shown, and two Wiper ,blades may be operated with the proper location of each stub shaft |271.

The rotary motor in the modication shown by Figures 17 to 21 comprises two rotors |0| and |02 geared together by gears |53 to rotate in opposite directions and to be kept in synchronism thereby. The rotors are ymounted in separate cylinders lifl, |55 in main casing |05 and are set in their cylinders 180 degrees out of phase with each other. A swinging abutment Mil is mounted rigid with and to oscillate shaft |08. The rotors are so designed that the ends |59 and il!) of the .abutment |57 are always in contact with both rotors. The amount of rise .of the abutment per degree of revolution caused by rotor IUI is eX- actly counterbalanced by an equal drop of the other end of the abutment caused by the rotor 02. The rotors are also designed as in the modification shown by Figures 7 to 1l to give simple harmonic motion to the abutments and to keep them always in contact with the rotors.

Shaft |58 has rigidly connected to it a slotted arm into the slot of which fits a pin ||2 of a Windshield wiper `operating shaft H3 which drives the Wiper blade l ill.

Suction is connected to nipple H5 and air is supplied through ports H5. The Suction and air are separated by the close tting rotors and abutment.

The ends |59 and l i@ of the abutment |07 contact the housing and make a tight t therewith when the rotors are at top dead center and continue to maintain such tight fit for a considerable distance on eithersicle of top dead center. This prevents direct communication between suction port H5 and air port ||5 a short distance after top dead center of the rotors.

A modification of the wiper drive is shown on Figure 20. The slotted arm is replaced by a gear sector arm l ll which meshes with a pinion sector i8 to drive shaft l I3.

In operation, continuous suction will cause rotation of the rotors itl and 52 in the directions shown by the arrows. Air is supplied through ports Mi to the expanding sides of the chambers between the rotor'and casing. The oscillation of abutment ill? is transmitted through shaft |08, arm IH, pin i l2 and shaft l l5 to drive the wiper blade.

Figure 21 showsa simple and effective arrangement `for parking the wiper arm of this modification on either side of its limit of motion. With this arrangementv the vair and suction supply ports are reversed.:l Portfl I5 is continuously open to air and ports I6 are supplied with suction under the control of valve V of Figure 21. The valve housing has connected to it a suction port S connected to a source of suction by any suitable means, two air ports A and two pipes H6 and H6 leading to ports H6 in the motor. The valve V has passages cut through it as shown. With the valve in the position shown by Figure 21, suction is continuously supplied to both ports I6 and the motor will operate to drive the wiper blade back and forth. If the valve is rotated clockwise Aso that atmosphere is connected to H6, suction will still be connected to H5 because of the width of suction port Sl and the design of the central valve passage. Under this condition the right rotor |02 will be free since it has air on both sides of it and the left rotor still being supplied with suction will rotate until it reaches top dead center position and there stop, thus parking the wiper arm H4 on the right extremity. If the valve V is rotated in a counterclockwise direction to connect H6 to air, IIB" will still be supplied with suction and the wiper blade will consequently be parked on its left extremity as shown in Figure 17.

It is apparent that if a signal arm having an arrow or an electric light at its end be connected in place of the wiper arm H4, that, with the valve structure of Figure 21, a left or right turn signal can be indicated or a continuous oscillating warning signal can be operated.

The modification in Figures 22 to 26 is similar to that shown by Figures 17 to 21 insofar as the rotors, lgearing and motor operation is concerned. The parts that are the same are numbered as in the modification shown by Figures 17 to 2l with the addition of primes.

The swinging abutment |50 is designed on an arc of a circle about shaft |08 and can therefore fit to slide tightly in slots |51 and |52 to provide a proper seal. The abutment |50 also has a portion |53 constructed as a gear sector which meshes with a pinion sector |54 mounted to operate shaft |55 to which is rigidly connected wiper blade |56.

Suction and air are supplied to ports |51 and |58, respectively. These ports connect into the cylinders at points slightly within the periphery of the cylinders so that each rotor at its top dead center will act to block these ports off. If these ports came into the rotor chambers at the periphery, it would make the motor inoperative because, in the top dead center position of the rotors, the suction would be connected directly to air around the rotors.

Figure 24 shows an internal gear sector |5312 on abutmenty |5lla to mesh with pinion sector |54a on wiper shaft' 55a. This structure will reduce the overall height of the motor.

Figure 25 shows a pin and slot drive for the wiper shaft. VAbutment |5512 has pin |53b connected to move with it. Slotted link |5419 has its slot cooperating with pin |5319 to operate wiper shaft |5517.

Figure 26 shows a valve arrangement like that shown by Figure 2l for operating the wiper blade or for producing parking thereof in either extremity of its motion. Its operation is the same as that described for Figure 2l and need not be here repeated.

Itis apparent here also that a signal arm with a light and arrow may replace the wiper blade andwith the valve structure of Figure 26 can be made to indicate a continuous oscillating signal or aleft or right turn signal.

In the modification shown by Figures 27 and'28 the two eccentric rotors leg'2e are mounted to rotate with shafts 3e, 4e in cylinders 5e, 6e of casing le. The rotors are arranged degrees out of phase and are geared together by gears 8e to rotate in opposite directions. Side plates Se, Ille enclose the rotors to make work chambers.

vSide plate ite has an extension Ie to provide a bearing. for an output power take-off shaft to be later described. Y

An abutment structure IIe passes through a plug I2e vin the portion of thecasing 'Ic between the rotor chambers. Plug I2e is broken into two parts (Figure 28) to facilitate assembly. The abutment structure is composed of two similar intertting portions I3e, Me which are connected by a tension spring I5e.to allow some extension of the length of the abutment structure and thereby keep it always in contact with the rotors. The base of each portion |364, Ide has a long .arcuate integral'shoe I-ie fitting snugly against the rotor surface.

Because of these long arcuate shoes fitting the surfaces of the rotor, it will be noted that as the rotors rotate in opposite directions the abutment structure must oscillate thereby oscillating the plug I2e. i'

Integral with plug I2e is a gear sector arm Ile having a gear sector I`8e which meshes with a gear sector E9e on stub shaft 20e to which a windshieldwiper arm 2 I e is connected.

Suction is applied through pipe 22e to portsY 23e and atmosphere is connected through portsl 24e. Ports 23e and 24e are arranged slightly within the periphery of the cylindrical chambers 5e and Ge so that the rotors in theirtop dead center positions will act to block these ports oif at that time and prevent direct communication between the suction 'and atmospheric ports.

Figures 29 and 30 show the same motor applied to drive hair or wool clippers. Side plate' 9e is extended to provide thestationalt7 portion of the clippers and 25e is the moving clipper arm which is connected directly to plug I2e to be driven thereby.

Pressure fluid may, of course, be applied at 22e..

instead of suction. The rotorswill then rotate in the reverse direction but the same oscillating motion will be `imparted to plug I2e.

The modication shown by Figures 31 `and 32 is similar in inode of operation to that shown by Figures 27 to 30. That is, the rotation of the rotors causes oscillation of the abutment and of the plug through whichl the abutment ts and from that to the output oscillating shaft by way.

of the gear sectors. The differencebetween these two modifications is that the rotors in Figures 31 and 32 are designed as limacon curves thereby providing at all times a constant distancebetween the two rotors in their rotation. The abutment can thus be of constant length, therefore simplifying the construction.v The long arcuate shoes Ie would in this modication, be made of a somewhat resilient material at the surfaces contacting the rotors so that they will alwaysfbe in full contact with the rotors which in this case are not circular.

If preferred, a packing of any well known construction may be placed on the rotor contacting surfaces of these shoes I6e. It is not believed necessary to show this sinceA such structure -iswell known in .the art. n

The modification' shown by Figures 33 and 34 is somewhat similar to that shown byy Figures 31 A and 32. In this modication the rotors are demay replace the wiper arm 43e.

tors are fixed 180 degrees out of phase.

signed as vlimacon curves'to give a constant jdistance between' them at all times. is slidable between the rotors instead of being oscillatable. v

The rotors 30e, 3|@ are designed as limacon curves and are mounted on shafts 32e, -33c'in 'separate cylinder chambers 34e, 35e in; casingv 36e.

'I'he rotors are set 180 degrees out of 'phaseand are geared together by gears 31e to rotate in opposite directions. c I

An abutment 38e of'constant length is slidably mounted in the casingstructure between the two rotors and makes a iluidtight sliding t with the casing. The center of the abutment hasr a pin 39e fixed to it which extends through a slot the in side plate li Ie. This pin fits into a slotted arm The abutment these cylinder chambers so that they may be coveredby the rotors at top dead center. v

Continuous application of suction ,will cause rotationk of the rotors in opposite directions, thereby reciprocating the abutment 38e and through'pin 39e and slotted arm 42e'causeoscillation of wiper arm 43e. f

Figure 35 shows diagrammaticallyhow this kmodification, like thosey shown` by Figuresk 1'? 1 to 26, may be arranged to park the wiperarm .on either side or to` drive it continuously. This Valve V would be placed between line vile and the two branch pipes leading to ports 48e. K

In the position shown by Figure 35 the motor will be continuously operating since both Aports 48e are connected to suction.` If. the valve` is moved clockwise to connectair to 48e, the-right n hand rotor will be. freeY and the left rotor will stop at its top dead center causing parking. of the wiper arm at the left. If the valve is moved counter clockwise to connect air to 48e', the left hand rotor will be free and therrght hand rotor will stop at its top dead center. causing vparking ofthe wiperfarm at the right.

. It is apparent that a signal light and arrow Thus with the valve arrangement shown by kFigure 35 a continuously moving signal may be given or left and right turns may be indicated.

In the modiiication shown by Figures 36 to 40, the casing -Zill is divided into two similar motor cylinders 22 and 203 in which eccentric'rotors zon, zus are mounted exea to shaft zas. The ro- Each rotor has an abutment 201 cooperating therewith, being shaped as shown on vFigure 37.k The f bers 2I2 and 2I3, for use for a purpose to be later described.

Each rotor has two openings ZIA `and2`I-5 for y suction and air respectively. The suction Lis f connected to the rotor by wayr of port Zli, .cir-

cumferential groove 2I'I, longitudinal port "218 and Aradial port 2li). is admittedv through radial port 220, cross ports l22|, circular groove 222 to port 223.

The abutments 201 are 'fixed on shafts 224. One of these shafts is extended out beyond the casing to carry the gear sector 225 which meshes with pinion 22B rigid on'wiper shaft 2.2i to drive the blade 228.

The abutment chamber 212 of the left motor (Fig. 38) has aport 229 which is connected by a pipe 232 to a port 23! in the valve chamber 232. Chamber 2 I3 is always connected to air by way oi port 213'. The right hand motor has its abutment'chamber 2|2 always connected to air via 229 and its chamber 2i3 connected by a pipe to valve port 23|. The portr 233 in the valve chamber is connected by pipe 234 to port 249. Pipe 236 connects` the valve chamber t'o suction. Numeral 237 designates two air ports. Valve 23S with its pistons 239, 24!) is manually shiftahle to either connect suction to the motor chambers 222 and 203 to drive the wiper or to the chambers 2l2 (left motor) and 2i3 (right motor) to park the wiper in the left extremity (Figure 3G).

With the' valve 238 in the position shown, the motor will be continuously connected to suction to rotaterotors 2M, 225 counter clockwise. Since both chambers 2|2 and 2i 3 are connected to air the abutments will be free to oscillate shaft 224 to drivethe wiper arm 228 through gearing 225 and 226.

It is to be noted that besides cylinders 282 and 203 being contracting and expanding work chambers, the U-shaped chambers designated as 2M are also contracting and expanding chambers and will aid in causing rotation of the rotors.

Referring to the modification shown by Figures 41 to 43, the cylinder housing ia contains two rotor chambers 2a, 3a whichare open at the sides. Side plates 4a and 5a fit over these open sides to make tight rotor chambers to house rotors 6a and 1a. The rotors are fixed to shaft 8a to rotate therewith and this shaft is rotatably mounted in suitable bearings in the housing and side plates. Each rotor has a swinging abutment 9a fixed to shaft Illa cooperating therewith. Each abutment has two arms and is designed of such curvature that both arms are always in sealing contact with the rotor so that as the rotor rotates a swinging motion is impaired to the abutment. A design for such an abutment on Figure 8 of the patent to Hutchison #2,084,846, dated June 22, 1937. A packing strip Hd is placed at the base of each abutment to separate the suction port E2G from the air port i3d. It is to be noted that the suction and air ports are made large at the point where they enter into the rotor chambers as is shown clearly by Figure 26. Thus the chamber marked :l: between the two arms of the abutment and the rotor acts as an expansiblework chamber as it registers with the suction and air ports alternately. v

The two rotors are set at 45 degree phase diierence so that there is never a dead center position in which at least one of the rotors is not transmit` ting rotational torque'to the shaft.

The oscillation of abutment shaft ma is transmitted by way of a gear sector Mia fixed to it to drive pinion I5a on wiper blade shaft Ilia to operate Wiper blade lla. Y

From the above description the operation ap-` pearsclear. The continuous application ofsuction at 12a and admission of air at i 3a causes rotation of the rotors which oscillates the abutments and the wiper blade is oscillated through the sector and gearing transmission.

The modification shown by Figures 44 and 45 is similar in general structure and mode of operation as that shown by Figures 41 to 43. The difference is in the design of abutments and cooperating casing therefor so that closed chambers may be formed to be used for parking of the windshield wiper.

The casing a contains rotors Sid, 52a. set at 45 degrees phase difference. The abutments 53a, only one being shown, are Xed to shafts 54a which oscillates gear sector 550. to drive the wiper shaft pinion 56a to which the wiper blade 57a, is connected. t

Each abutment is designed as shown on Figure 45. The lower part that cooperates with the rotors is designed like that shown by Figures 42. The upper part has two horn-like extensions 53a', 53a which are arcuate shaped at their outer portion on a curvature concentric with the shaft 54a..

These extensions make a fiuid tight sliding nt with complimentary extensions on the casing designed to cooperate with these extensions. A cover plate 58a carrying a packing 59a at its center fits over the top of one of the abutment chambers to make two separated expansible chambers 60a and Gla. The other abutment chamber of the adjoining motor is closed by a cover plate which has no packing thus providing a single intercommunicating chamber. Preferably, the abutment that is connected to drive the wiper blade is the one arranged to have the separate chambers 60a and 61a.

The chamber 60a is always connected to atmosphere by way of port 62a through the side plate. Chamber 6 l a is connected through the intermediate wall between the two rotor chambers to a pipe 63a which connects to valve chamber 64a. Chamber 64a has a suction pipe S and tow air ports 61a connected to it. A pipe 65a leads from this valve chamber to connect suction to ports cr inl the rotor chambers. This pipe 65a is also connected by way of the intermediate wall. Ports 61a are atmospheric ports which also are bored in the intermediate wall. The valve 68a in valve chamber 64a is merely a starting and parking valve.

63a. Abutment chamber 60a. is always supplied with air. The other abutment not being provided with a packing 59a has a single balanced chamber. When valve 68a is pushed to the left, suction is then supplied to chamber Bia only and air is supplied to ports 66a. This abutment will therefore be swung to its farthest position counter clockwise which will swing the Wiper to its farthest clockwise position causing parking of the ing beam 8f interconnects the abutments by way of pins 9j, IU so that motion of the abutments' is transmitted to give an oscillating motion to the walking beam. Beam 8f is mounted integral with output power take-off shaft` ||f which is set in suitable bearings in the sides of the abutment housing and to which shaft'is connected the gear sector arm |21e for taking off power. Packings 3f are provided for the rotors andlf for the abutmentsf Suction is connected toboth rotor chambers through the dividing plater |5J between them in which is bored passages IBf and toy which passages is connected suction pipe |'|f. The suction passages terminate in the rotor chambers in ports i312 |912 Atmosphere is also connected to the rotor chambers through bores 203 inthe dividing plate. The suction and air delivery ports connect the rotor chambers at points spaced slightly inwardly of the peripheriesf'of the cylinders if, 5f so that the rotors will cover these ports when at top dead center and prevent direct communication between'them. i

'The mode of operationk seems apparent from the above description. With the continuous application ofsuction the` rotors rotate to cause reciprocation of the abutments, oscillation of the walking beam and oscillation of the power output take-off gear sector arm y|212 The limacon curve for the rotors will keep both abutments always in contact with the rotors since the amount of risek of one abutment per degree ofrevolution of its rotor will be exactly equalled bythe amount of drop of thejother abutment per degree of revolution of its rotor.

The diagrammatic valve showing of Figure 48 illustrates how this modification may be started and stopped with parking provisions on either extremity of' movement of walking beam` 8f. In the Valve position shown by Figure 48, suction S is delivered tov both rotor chambers through |8f, lQf to continuously drive the motor. If valve V is rotated clockwise to connect atmosphere to ISf from A, then suction is connected to IBf only and rotor lf will be rotated until top dead centerv where it will be stalled and will park the walking beam in the position shown byFigure 47. If valve V is rotated counterclockwise to connect atmosphere to lsf from A, then suction is connected to lf only and rotor 2f will be rotated to its top dead center position where it will stall to park the walking beam on the opposite side fromv that shown by Figure 47.

It is apparent that a signal light and arrow may be connected to be driven by arm .l2f and a continuous warning signal, or left and right turns may be indicated by the arrangement disclosed. Or a windshield wiper arm Vmay be' connected to |21c which may be parked at either extremity atv therefor, an abutment cooperating with said rotor to be reciprocated thereby and mechanical output power take-off means connected to said abutment.

3. The combination of a motor and a reciprocating output power transmission therefor comprising a rotary expansible chamber motor having a rotor, a casing for the rotor, an abutment in the 'casingcooperating with the rotor and being reciprocated therebyas it rotates and mechanical output power take-off means connected to the abutment.

4. A rotary expansible chamber motor, a rotor and casing therefor, an` abutment cooperating y with the rotor to be reciprocated thereby and mechanical output power take-off means con.- nected to vsaid abutment.

5. The combination of a motor and an oscillatingl outputpower transmission therefor comprising a rotary expansible chamber motor having a rotor, a casing for the rotor, an abutment in the casing cooperating with the rotor and being oscillated by the rotor as it rotates and output power take-off means connected to the abutment. y i

6. An expansible chamber rotary fluid motor, a rotor and casing therefor, a plurality of abutmentsccoperating' with the rotor, and mechanical output power take-01T means connected to the abutments. y

'1.A The combination of a motor and a mechanical output power transmission therefor comprising an expansiblev chamber rotary fluid motor having a rotor and casing therefor, a plurality of abutments cooperating with said rotor against which the fluid reacts to cause continuous rotation of the rotor, and mechanical output power take-off means connected to the abutments.

8. An expansible chamber rotary fluid motor, a plurality of rotors, a casing for housing said rotors, an abutment cooperating with both rotors,

and output power take-olf means connected to the. abutment.

9. An expansible chamber type rotary uid motor, a plurality of rotors, a casing for housing said rotors, an abutment cooperating with both rotors, means for keeping the abutment always in contact with the rotors and output power take-off means connected to the abutment.

10. The combination of a motor and a mechanical output power transmission therefor comprising an expansible chamber rotary uid motor, a plurality of rotors, a casing for housing said rotors, an abutment cooperating with both rotors `against which the fiuid reacts to cause continuous rotation of the 'rotors' and output 4power take-off means connected to the abutment.

11. The combination of a motor and a mechanical output power transmission therefor comprising an eXpansible chamber rotary fluid motor, a pluralityy of rotors mounted on separate shafts, a casing for housing both rotors to provide separate chambers therefor, a single abutment cooperating kwith both rotors, means for keeping said abutment always in contact with both rotors so that the abutment is reciprocated as the'rotors rotate, and output power take-off means connected to the abutment.

12. The combination of a motor and a mechanical output power transmission therefor comprising an eXpansible chamber rotary lfluid motor, a plurality of rotors, a casing for housing said `rotors to provide a chamber for each, an abutment cooperating with each rotor against which the fluid reacts to cause rotation of the rotor, the abutments being reciprocated by the rotation of the rotors, and outputpower take-off means connected to the abutments.

13. The combination o-f a motor and a mesaid rotors to provide a chamber for each, said rotors arranged' to rotate insynchronism and out of phase, a separate abutment cooperating with each rotor against which the fluid reacts to cause rotation of each rotor, the abutment being reciprocated thereby and output power take-off means connected to the abutments.

14. The combination of a motor and an output power transmission therefor comprising an abutment type rotary motor having a rotor, said rotor having a high and 10W point, an abutment contacting the rotor to be reciprocated therebyr as the rotor rotates, fluid intake and exhaust ports cooperating with the rotor to supply pressure fluid to and exhaust from the motor, and reciprocating output power take-off means connected to said abutment.

l5. The combination of a rotary motor and an output power transmission therefor, a cylinder, a rotary having a high and a 10W point rotatable in said cylinder, an abutment contacting the rotor to be recprocated thereby as the rotor rotates, differential pressure fluid intake and exhaust means for supplying pressure nuid to and exhausting fromthe motor, said rotorc'ontrolling the supply and exhaust of the differential pressure fluid and functioning las the distributing valve for the motor, and output power takeoi means connected to the abutment.

16. In a differential pressure fluid rotary expansible chamber motor, va casing forming a plurality of cylinders, a rotor in each of said cylinders, abutment means cooperating with both r0- tors againstv which the pressure iiuid reacts to cause rotation of the rotors, and means for venting one of said cylinders to atmosphere to cause stopping of the motor in a given position.

17. In a diierential pressure fluid rotary expansible chamber motor, a casing forming a plurality of cylinders,l a rotor in each of said cylinders, abutment means cooperating with both rotors against which the pressure fluid reacts to cause rotation of the rotors, and means for venting one of said cylinders to atmosphere to cause stopping of the motor when the rotor in the other of said cylinders reaches a dead center position.

SAMUEL BERNARD GAI-IM. 

